These controversies concerning the relationships amongst citizenship pressure, OCBs and CCBs might be due to the ways that OCBs are calculated. Inside the literature, OCBs have usually been outlined as spontaneous behaviours and rated by colleagues or leaders (e.g.2). Other-rated measurements are struggling to establish the behavioural motivations fundamental OCBs1,11. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/ZsO9iQ1SGS4