The use and proliferation of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in West Africa has intensified over the past two decades. Until now. the study of these phenomena and their impacts has rarely provided an overview of the status and evolution of IEDs proliferation and use in the sub-region. Through the implementation of a quantitative and qualitative incident methodology. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/more-milk-plus-special-blend/